No one absolutely "knows" in the philosophical sense, when I'm using "know" in this context it means the best conclusion using the current data. Today, the current data certainly does support CO2 being the culprit as solar irradiance has decreased and there is no other known mechanism for the increase.
Right now, scientists are theorizing that higher solar irradiance, lower volcanic activity for the MWP
https://news.utexas.edu/2010/11/11/medieval-warm-period-not-so-random/
"Climate scientists now understand that the Medieval Warm Period was caused by an increase in solar radiation and a decrease in volcanic activity, which both promote warming. Other evidence suggests ocean circulation patterns shifted to bring warmer seawater into the North Atlantic. As we’ll see in the next section, those kinds of natural changes have not been detected in the past few decades. Charles Jackson noted that when computer models take into account paleoclimatologists’ reconstructions of solar irradiance and volcanoes for the past 1,000 years, the models reproduce the Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period. Those events turn out to not be random noise after all."
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1384107614001080
They are not spraying water vapor, LOL. From my understanding the seeding pulls moisture from the air to form clouds (which reflect sunlight back in to space) and then the clouds deliver that moisture back to the earth. If anything cloud seeding is pulling water from the atmosphere back down to the earth's surface. How in your mind does that increase water vapor?
In fact people some are hypothesizing that we use cloud seeding to fight global warming as extra cloud cover reflects sunlight
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab71a3
Okay, so why did you mention that the graph was from 2018 and questioned why the Vostok ice cores didn't show recent warming?
Well here's a Norway wheat graph starting earlier and total production
https://www.indexmundi.com/agriculture/?country=no&commodity=wheat&graph=production
So now we have dozens of wineries where you said there were none and wheat production in Norway while solar radiation has been decreasing.
So Exxon paid scientists produced climate models that showed evidence of an upcoming ice age? I don't see any of them here in their index, just their CO2 models. If you could site their peer reviewed work on that it would be helpful.
https://corporate.exxonmobil.com/su...ate-science-research#Peerreviewedpublications
https://corporate.exxonmobil.com/-/..._peer_reviewed_publications_1980s_forward.pdf
So again, Exxon's scientists developed their own climate CO2 warming models and published them in journals for review, if scientists can be bought then why didn't Exxon pay them to cook their numbers and conclude there was no expected warming?
Why would Putin need an excuse for a tax? He can put whatever tax rate he wants for whatever reason LOL
And now you have to take a step back and look at the extent of the conspiracy you need to have. You now believe that Putin, the Koch brothers (funders of Berkely Earth), all of the major energy titans, all of academia and all of the governments of the world are all in on a giant conspiracy to tax everyone... all joking aside, is this reasonable to you compared to the alternative, that the earth is really warming because of man made CO2?
Last time we went over Heller you chose to bow out when we started discussing it,
https://forums.sherdog.com/posts/168780872/
I couldn't find a graph that showed the specific time frame but it looks lower than today. It wasn't CO2 back then, it was solar irradiance and other factors
Correct, there were some climatologists that believed that aerosols would cause a net cooling effect but as longer time series of higher quality data became available, it became clear that global temperature showed significant increases overall. This is a great example of how more data can and will overturn scientific theories
Lower then they are today, the data so far is pointing to solar irradiance being higher and volcanic activity being lower
Which fields are completely corrupt and how are they different from other fields that receive government funding, grants, leases, favors?
That's rich of you to call someone's sources shit when you bring up Heller and Deming's work lol. And yes, glaciers are melting and receding now while solar irradiance has decreased.
Have you considered that someone's work is being rejected because it's just bad science? That shit by Heller was hilarious.