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Impact of lockdowns
DEATH
•40,000 excess deaths from the economic impacts over the next 50 years, as reduced income, unemployment and anxiety reduce life expectancy.1
•32,000 excess deaths among adults in social care by the end of March 2021 due to reduction in support and people being discharged from hospital early.1
•18,000 deaths due to cancelled operations.1
•10,000 deaths due to disruption to emergency care.1
•4,000 deaths due to not seeking help, even when suffering a heart attack or stroke.1
•There was a 52% increase in excess deaths of people dying of dementia during the first wave.2
•The equivalent of 560,000 lives will be lost as a result of lockdown. (This was calculated before the third lockdown.)3
MENTAL HEALTH
•The number of adults who experienced some form of depression increased from one in 10 to one in five during lockdown, by June 2020.4
•15% of people reported depression, anxiety, or fear as a direct result of government pandemic advertising.5
•One in eight adults developed moderate to severe depression during lockdown.6
•Nine out of 10 autistic people worried about their mental health during lockdown.7
•Autistic people were seven times more likely to be chronically lonely than the general population during lockdown.8
•Half of 16 to 25-year-olds said their mental health has worsened since the start of the pandemic.9
•One in three adults increased their consumption of alcohol during the first lockdown to cope with stress.11
•There was a 16.4% increase in deaths from alcohol-specific causes between January and September 2020 compared with the previous year.12 (An inquiry is needed to understand this, but I’m putting this impact in the mental health section for obvious reasons.)
•There was a 20% increase in opiate addictions and a 39% increase in number of relapses among addicts.13
•There were 15,541 calls relating to suicide or attempted suicide recorded by London Ambulance Service in the first six months of lockdown, from March to November 2020, compared to 11,703 calls over the same period in 2019.14
•87% of people with an eating disorder have seen their symptoms worsen because of social isolation.15
•161,699 fewer people per month in 2020 were able to contact mental health services than in 2019.16
•1.5 million children and 8.5 million adults will need support for depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorders and other mental health difficulties in the coming months and years.17
HEALTH
•Six in 10 people reported worse sleep since lockdown was announced.18
•Psychological stress is associated in a dose-response manner with an increased risk of acute infectious respiratory illness, so fear and lockdown measures would probably have increased infection.19
•27 million missed GP appointments by October 2020.20
•350,000 missed specialist referrals for cancer.21
•Cancer Research estimated there could be 35,000 avoidable cancer deaths as a result of lockdown.22
•30% of those who had a stroke during the pandemic delayed seeking emergency medical attention due to Covid-19. There were 825 excess deaths for stroke and 1,834 excess deaths for cardiovascular diseases (including cardiac arrest) as a result of delays to seeking help (or potentially the result of undiagnosed Covid-19).13
•Deaths from diabetes were 161.6% above average, potentially due to delays in care, from anxiety about seeking care or an overburdened healthcare system.13
•Until 8 September 2020, birthing partners were prevented from attending scans and early labour, causing stress and leaving women to endure difficult labours, traumatic news and miscarriages alone.
SOCIETY
•45,000 extra homeless people since the start of lockdown.23
•More than three-quarters of councils across England saw an increase in homelessness in their area since the start of the pandemic. More than four in 10 have seen a significant increase.24
•Half of children entitled to free school meals did not have access to the scheme during Covid-19 lockdown in the UK.25
•20% increase in babies suffering non-accidental harm.17
•There was a rise of 49% in the number of calls to domestic abuse services.26
•Two-thirds of domestic abuse victims were subjected to more violence from their partners during lockdown.27
•5.6 million people are struggling to afford essentials or have borrowed to make ends meet. The amount of arrears and borrowing among this group attributable to the impact of coronavirus is £10.3 billion.28
•A 25% reduction in pre-pandemic learning for primary school children and a 30% reduction for secondary school children.13
•The first lockdown saw the cancellation of 15,000 theatrical performances resulting in a loss of £303 million.13
ECONOMY
•The UK’s GDP fell by 9.9% in 2020, the worst result of any G7 country, and worst contraction the UK economy has experienced since the Great Frost of 1709.29
•The increase in public sector net borrowing (March to November 2020 rise in OBR estimates) could be as much as £385.2 billion.13
•Unemployment is expected to increase by between 450,000 and 2.45 million above pre-pandemic levels.13
•More than a quarter of pubs do not believe they will stay in business after lockdown.13
•The creative industries project a loss of £77 billion in 2020.13
•The manufacturing sector faced a Gross Value Added (GVA) loss of £71.7 billion from the first two lockdowns.13
•The construction sector faced a GVA loss of £40 billion from the first two lockdowns.13
•The retail sector faced a GVA loss of £33.8 billion from the first two lockdowns.13
•The impact on hospitality was a £37.4 billion loss.13
DEATH
•40,000 excess deaths from the economic impacts over the next 50 years, as reduced income, unemployment and anxiety reduce life expectancy.1
•32,000 excess deaths among adults in social care by the end of March 2021 due to reduction in support and people being discharged from hospital early.1
•18,000 deaths due to cancelled operations.1
•10,000 deaths due to disruption to emergency care.1
•4,000 deaths due to not seeking help, even when suffering a heart attack or stroke.1
•There was a 52% increase in excess deaths of people dying of dementia during the first wave.2
•The equivalent of 560,000 lives will be lost as a result of lockdown. (This was calculated before the third lockdown.)3
MENTAL HEALTH
•The number of adults who experienced some form of depression increased from one in 10 to one in five during lockdown, by June 2020.4
•15% of people reported depression, anxiety, or fear as a direct result of government pandemic advertising.5
•One in eight adults developed moderate to severe depression during lockdown.6
•Nine out of 10 autistic people worried about their mental health during lockdown.7
•Autistic people were seven times more likely to be chronically lonely than the general population during lockdown.8
•Half of 16 to 25-year-olds said their mental health has worsened since the start of the pandemic.9
•One in three adults increased their consumption of alcohol during the first lockdown to cope with stress.11
•There was a 16.4% increase in deaths from alcohol-specific causes between January and September 2020 compared with the previous year.12 (An inquiry is needed to understand this, but I’m putting this impact in the mental health section for obvious reasons.)
•There was a 20% increase in opiate addictions and a 39% increase in number of relapses among addicts.13
•There were 15,541 calls relating to suicide or attempted suicide recorded by London Ambulance Service in the first six months of lockdown, from March to November 2020, compared to 11,703 calls over the same period in 2019.14
•87% of people with an eating disorder have seen their symptoms worsen because of social isolation.15
•161,699 fewer people per month in 2020 were able to contact mental health services than in 2019.16
•1.5 million children and 8.5 million adults will need support for depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorders and other mental health difficulties in the coming months and years.17
HEALTH
•Six in 10 people reported worse sleep since lockdown was announced.18
•Psychological stress is associated in a dose-response manner with an increased risk of acute infectious respiratory illness, so fear and lockdown measures would probably have increased infection.19
•27 million missed GP appointments by October 2020.20
•350,000 missed specialist referrals for cancer.21
•Cancer Research estimated there could be 35,000 avoidable cancer deaths as a result of lockdown.22
•30% of those who had a stroke during the pandemic delayed seeking emergency medical attention due to Covid-19. There were 825 excess deaths for stroke and 1,834 excess deaths for cardiovascular diseases (including cardiac arrest) as a result of delays to seeking help (or potentially the result of undiagnosed Covid-19).13
•Deaths from diabetes were 161.6% above average, potentially due to delays in care, from anxiety about seeking care or an overburdened healthcare system.13
•Until 8 September 2020, birthing partners were prevented from attending scans and early labour, causing stress and leaving women to endure difficult labours, traumatic news and miscarriages alone.
SOCIETY
•45,000 extra homeless people since the start of lockdown.23
•More than three-quarters of councils across England saw an increase in homelessness in their area since the start of the pandemic. More than four in 10 have seen a significant increase.24
•Half of children entitled to free school meals did not have access to the scheme during Covid-19 lockdown in the UK.25
•20% increase in babies suffering non-accidental harm.17
•There was a rise of 49% in the number of calls to domestic abuse services.26
•Two-thirds of domestic abuse victims were subjected to more violence from their partners during lockdown.27
•5.6 million people are struggling to afford essentials or have borrowed to make ends meet. The amount of arrears and borrowing among this group attributable to the impact of coronavirus is £10.3 billion.28
•A 25% reduction in pre-pandemic learning for primary school children and a 30% reduction for secondary school children.13
•The first lockdown saw the cancellation of 15,000 theatrical performances resulting in a loss of £303 million.13
ECONOMY
•The UK’s GDP fell by 9.9% in 2020, the worst result of any G7 country, and worst contraction the UK economy has experienced since the Great Frost of 1709.29
•The increase in public sector net borrowing (March to November 2020 rise in OBR estimates) could be as much as £385.2 billion.13
•Unemployment is expected to increase by between 450,000 and 2.45 million above pre-pandemic levels.13
•More than a quarter of pubs do not believe they will stay in business after lockdown.13
•The creative industries project a loss of £77 billion in 2020.13
•The manufacturing sector faced a Gross Value Added (GVA) loss of £71.7 billion from the first two lockdowns.13
•The construction sector faced a GVA loss of £40 billion from the first two lockdowns.13
•The retail sector faced a GVA loss of £33.8 billion from the first two lockdowns.13
•The impact on hospitality was a £37.4 billion loss.13