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You said it applied to children of alien residents. Tourists aren't residents.
It applies to all children born here outside of those of diplomats, other leaders of state/gov't officials, and enemies. The language of 'resident' was used in Wong Kim Ark because that was the specific fact of the case before them. However, if you read the cases, or a synopsis, of the other two I cited (Plyler v Doe, Calvin's Case), it is clear that any child born on US soil is a natural citizen of this country.
If you're actually interested in how this developed legally, in English Common law, read the Yale Journal article I linked above.
https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1170&context=yjlh